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Hyposmia Rating Scale (HRS)
Availability
Please visit this website for more information about the instrument: Hyposmia Rating Scale
Classification
Exploratory: Parkinson's Disease (PD)
Short Description of Instrument
The Hyposmia Rating Scale (HRS) is a simple, affordable, time-saving self-administered scale that reliably evaluates hyposmia in PD.  Superior to the single screening question of "Are you experiencing problems with your sense of smell?" (sensitivity only 35% for this, but 70% for HRS).
Comments/Special Instructions
Used in several COVID-19 studies on olfaction.
Scoring and Psychometric Properties
Scoring: 6 items, self-report, 5-point Likert, score ranging from 0 to 4 for a total score of 24.
 
Psychometric Properties: Significant correlation with threshold, discrimination, identification and total Sniffin' Sticks test scores (r=0.53; r=0.60; r=0.57; r=0.65 respectively, p < 0.001 for all values) (Vernetti et al., 2012).  
Best cut-off point: 22.5
Sensitivity: 70% (60-81%)
Specificity: 85% (65-100%) (Vernetti et al., 2012)
Rationale/Justification
Strengths: Short, easy, inexpensive, materials are not required for administration, can be administered remotely
 
Weaknesses: Subjective responses rather than objective detection and identification of odors
References
Key Reference:
Millar Vernetti P, Perez Lloret S, Rossi M, Cerquetti D, Merello M. Validation of a new scale to assess olfactory dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2012 May;18(4):358-61.
 
Additional Reference:
Zhou Y, He R, Zhao Y, He Y, Hu Y, Sun Q, Xu Q, Tan J, Yan X, Tang B, Guo J. Olfactory Dysfunction and Its Relationship With Clinical Features of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol. 2020 Oct 16;11:526615.
 
Document last updated August 2022